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Electric motor

发布日期:2023-02-13 15:42:58   浏览量 :154
发布日期:2023-02-13 15:42:58  
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Electric motor is an indispensable element of industrial development and plays an important role. The application of motor is not only expanding in power application, but also in the field of control. With the increasing importance of control motor, the use of control motor is also increasing year by year. Stepping motor is a kind of control motor. It can control speed and position without using feedback loop, which is called motor open-loop control. Its applications mainly focus on OA (Office Automation) machines and FA (Factory Automation) machines with strong ability to handle office business, and are widely used in medical devices, measuring instruments, cars, game machines, etc. In terms of quantity, the application of 0A machine accounts for about 75% of the total number of stepper motors.

Although stepping motor has been widely used recently, its principle has already existed. Stepping motor was developed at the same time as electromagnet and plunger pump, and Frenchman Froman proposed a method to convert the attraction of electromagnet into rotating torque. At that time, the switching of the excitation phase was completed by the contact point of the mechanical cam, which is the prototype of the stepping motor. There is also the application method of rotary coil. The practical application of stepping motor began in 1920. It is called VR (Variable Reluctance) stepping motor, which is used by the British Navy for positioning control and remote control.

Hybrid HB (short for Hybrid, which means the combination of VR and PM) type stepping motor was developed in 1952 by Karl Feiertag of GE. It has the same structure as the current two-phase HB stepping motor and has obtained US patent. Originally used as a low-speed synchronous motor, the HB type stepping motor with a two-phase 1.8 ° step angle was developed by American Superior Electric and Sigma Instruments. At that time, due to the low current, high inductance and constant voltage driving, the commutation pulse was only 300pps (now 10-20kpps).

On the other hand, from the perspective of driving circuit, the development of stepping motor is inseparable from the development of transistor semiconductor components. Diode semiconductor was developed in 1950, MOS semiconductor was developed in 1964, IC appeared in 1965, and LSI became practical in 1967. Especially after the rapid development of semiconductor materials from 1950 to 1965, and entering the 1970s, the use of stepping motors has increased sharply due to the wide application of logic digital circuits with low price and high reliability.



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